In membrane bioreactor (MBR) systems, polyethylene fiber membranes play a crucial role in achieving high effluent quality. These filters provide a large surface area for microbial growth and optimally remove contaminants from wastewater. To optimize the performance of MBR systems, several strategies can be employed to tailor the characteristics of

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) employed for wastewater treatment offer several advantages over traditional methods. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) here membranes are widely chosen due to their high mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and fouling resistance. , Nevertheless, performance optimization of PVDF MBRs is crucial in order to guarantee ef